diff --git a/assignments/week3/main.pdf b/assignments/week3/main.pdf index 118e75d..3e89b74 100644 Binary files a/assignments/week3/main.pdf and b/assignments/week3/main.pdf differ diff --git a/assignments/week3/main.tex b/assignments/week3/main.tex index fbf1cdf..0fcab65 100644 --- a/assignments/week3/main.tex +++ b/assignments/week3/main.tex @@ -120,9 +120,47 @@ Now for the implication to the left $(\leftarrow)$. Assume now that the right side is true, i.e. let's assume that $\forall \epsilon > 0$, there exists $a \in A$ such that $a_0 - \epsilon < a$. Again, let us first investigate the case where $a_0 \in A$. Well certainly still, if $a_0$ is -an upper bound for $A$ and it is also part of the set itself, it must be the supremum. Then, let's assume that -$a_0 \notin A$. Now, for all positive $\epsilon$, we know there exists an $a \in A$ such that $a \neq a_0$ and -$a_0 - \epsilon < a$. So, $a_0 < a + \epsilon$. $a_0$ is an upper bound and we can find $a$'s such that $a+\epsilon$ -is always bigger than $a_0$, so $a_0$ must be the supremum. If $a_0$ wasn't the supremum, then there must be some $b$ -such that $a < b < a_0 < a + \epsilon$. WIP +an upper bound for $A$ and it is also part of the set itself, it must be the supremum\footnote{Proven in +earlier exercise}. + +Then, let's assume that $a_0 \notin A$. Now, for all positive $\epsilon$, we know there exists an $a \in A$ +such that $a \neq a_0$ and $a_0 - \epsilon < a$. Let us assume then that this implies that $a_0 \neq \sup A$ and +try to come to a contradiction. So, then there must be some $b = \sup A$, which has as consequence that +$a < b < a_0$, since $b$ is still an uppoer bound of $A$ (and $a_0 \notin A$). Then, since $b > a$, we can pick +$a = b - \epsilon < b$. So, from our initial assumption we get $b - \epsilon < a_0 - \epsilon < b - \epsilon \implies +b < a_0 < b$, which is a false statement. So, $a_0 = \sup A$. + +Since the implication holds both ways, the equivalence is proven. \qed + +\exercise* +\begin{tcolorbox} + \begin{enumerate}[label=\emph{(\alph*)}] + \item Let $a,b \in \R$ with $a < b$. Prove that the sets $(-\infty, a), (a,b)$ and $(b, \infty)$ are open. + \item Let $A$ be a set (not necessarily a subset of $\R$), and for each $\lambda \in A$, let $U_\lambda \subset + \R$. Prove that if $U_\lambda$ is open for all $\lambda \in A$ then the set + \begin{equation*} + \bigcup_{\lambda \in A} U_\lambda = + \{x \in \R : \exists \lambda \in A \text{ such that } x \in U_\lambda\} + \end{equation*} + is open. + \item Let $n \in \N$, and let $U_1,...,U_n \subset \R$. Prove that if $U_1,...,U_n$ are open then the set + \begin{equation*} + \bigcap_{m=1}^n U_m = \{x \in \R : x \in U_m \text{ for all } m = 1,...,n\} + \end{equation*} + is open. + \item Is the set of rationals $\Q \subset \R$ open? Provide a proof to substantiate your claim. + \end{enumerate} +\end{tcolorbox} + +\begin{enumerate}[label=\emph{(\alph*)},wide] + \item Since $\R$ is open, it is clear that $(-\infty, a)$ and $(b, \infty)$ are open to the left and right + respectively as well. Also, their respective right and left side are present in $(a,b)$ as well, so we will + only prove it for this case. The other cases follow logically. + + + \item + \item + \item +\end{enumerate} + \end{document}